Which of the following is not a component of interpreting processes?

The focus of interpreting processes is primarily on the real-time conversion of spoken or signed language between different languages, emphasizing communication dynamics in live interactions. Translating written text falls outside these processes since interpreting involves conveying meaning spontaneously and fluidly in a conversational context rather than working from a written source.

Researching cultural backgrounds, reformulating messages, and employing appropriate sign language techniques are integral to effective interpreting. Understanding cultural contexts enhances the interpreter's ability to convey meaning accurately, while reformulation ensures that the message is adapted appropriately for the audience in the target language. Additionally, appropriate sign language techniques are essential for fluency and clarity in interpreting. Therefore, written translation is not considered a component of the interpreting process, as it focuses on converting text rather than facilitating live communication.